Peru — Huaraz
Quilcayhuanca to Cojup Valley: A demanding 25km high-altitude trek through Peru's Cordillera Blanca. Traverse rugged alpine passes, skirt turquoise glacial lakes, and witness unparalleled panoramas of snow-capped peaks. This challenging 1-2 day route offers a profound immersion into dramatic Andean wilderness, rewarding resilient hikers with spectacular views.
Distance: 25.0 km
Elevation Gain: 1500 m
Difficulty: Challenging
Duration: 1-2 days
The Quilcayhuanca to Cojup Valley trek is a spectacular high-altitude journey through the Cordillera Blanca, Peru's premier mountain range. This challenging route offers a profound immersion into the dramatic landscapes of the Andes, traversing high mountain passes, skirting turquoise glacial lakes, and passing through remote valleys dotted with ancient Inca ruins. It is a trek that demands physical resilience and rewards with unparalleled vistas of snow-capped peaks, including some of Peru's highest mountains. Unlike more commercialised treks, this route offers a genuine sense of wilderness and solitude, making it a favourite for experienced trekkers seeking an authentic Andean adventure.
The Quilcayhuanca to Cojup Valley trek is a classic route within the Huascarán National Park, renowned for its stunning alpine scenery and the relative remoteness compared to more popular treks like the Santa Cruz. The journey typically begins in the Quilcayhuanca Valley, a relatively gentle ascent through meadows and past small streams, gradually gaining altitude. As the trail progresses, the landscape transforms into a rugged, high-altitude environment, with scree slopes, moraines, and the ever-present backdrop of colossal granite peaks. The highlight for many is reaching the high passes, which offer breathtaking panoramic views of glacial lakes, surrounding mountains, and the vastness of the Cordillera Blanca.
The trek is often undertaken as a two-day expedition, allowing for proper acclimatisation and a more relaxed pace, especially given the significant elevation gain. Day one typically involves ascending the Quilcayhuanca Valley to a high camp, often near Laguna Pucacocha or Laguna Tullpacocha. Day two is the more demanding section, involving the ascent to a high pass (often referred to as the "Punta" or pass) followed by a steep descent into the Cojup Valley. The Cojup Valley itself is a beautiful, albeit challenging, descent, eventually leading towards the access road for transport back to Huaraz.
This trek is not for the faint of heart. The altitude is significant, and the terrain can be demanding, with steep ascents and descents, loose scree, and potentially cold weather even during the dry season. However, for those who are well-prepared and acclimatised, the Quilcayhuanca to Cojup Valley trek offers an unforgettable experience of the Peruvian Andes, showcasing its raw beauty and wild, untamed spirit.
The Quilcayhuanca and Cojup Valleys, like much of the Cordillera Blanca, have a long history of human interaction, primarily linked to the ancient Inca civilisation and their predecessors. These valleys provided vital grazing lands for llamas and alpacas, and served as routes for trade and communication between different regions of the empire. Evidence of ancient agricultural terraces and possibly ceremonial sites can be found in some of these high-altitude areas, hinting at a sophisticated understanding of and adaptation to the challenging Andean environment.
The Cordillera Blanca itself has been a source of awe and wonder for centuries. Its towering peaks, often shrouded in mist and snow, were considered sacred by indigenous peoples, believed to be powerful deities or apus (mountain spirits) that governed the weather and the fertility of the land. The discovery and exploration of these remote valleys by Western mountaineers and trekkers began in earnest in the early to mid-20th century. Pioneers like David de Ferranti and others documented the region's formidable peaks and challenging routes, paving the way for modern mountaineering and trekking tourism.
The establishment of Huascarán National Park in 1975 was a crucial step in preserving the unique biodiversity and geological wonders of the Cordillera Blanca. The park protects not only the dramatic mountain landscapes but also the fragile ecosystems of the high-altitude puna grasslands, the glacial lakes, and the diverse flora and fauna, including the Andean condor and the spectacled bear. The Quilcayhuanca to Cojup Valley trek traverses this protected area, offering a glimpse into a landscape that has been shaped by both natural forces and human history.
The best time to undertake the Quilcayhuanca to Cojup Valley trek is during the dry season, which typically runs from May to September. This period offers the highest probability of clear skies, stable weather, and excellent visibility of the surrounding peaks. The days are generally sunny and pleasant, though temperatures can drop significantly at night, especially at higher elevations.
Dry Season (May to September):
Wet Season (October to April):
The wet season is generally not recommended for this trek. Heavy rainfall is common, often occurring in the afternoons, which can lead to flash floods, landslides, and make the trails treacherous and impassable. Glacial lakes can become swollen and dangerous, and visibility of the mountains is severely reduced. While some hardy trekkers might attempt it with extreme caution and flexibility, it is significantly more challenging and risky.
Weather Considerations: Even during the dry season, mountain weather is unpredictable. Be prepared for rapid changes. Sunny mornings can quickly turn into cloudy, windy, or even snowy afternoons, especially at higher altitudes and on the passes. Temperatures can fluctuate significantly between day and night, and between sun and shade. Always pack layers and be ready for a range of conditions.
Day 1: Huaraz to Quilcayhuanca Valley (Camp near Laguna Pucacocha/Tullpacocha)
Day 2: Camp to Cojup Valley via High Pass, return to Huaraz
Alternative 1-Day Itinerary (Very Challenging, requires excellent acclimatisation):
Important Notes:
The Quilcayhuanca to Cojup Valley trek is a challenging high-altitude expedition that requires careful planning and preparation. The primary logistical hub for this trek is Huaraz, a city nestled in the Callejón de Huaylas valley, serving as the gateway to the Cordillera Blanca. Before arriving in Huaraz, ensure you have booked your accommodation and have a general idea of your trekking plans. Upon arrival in Huaraz, it is essential to dedicate at least 2-3 days to acclimatisation. This involves resting, staying hydrated, avoiding alcohol, and undertaking shorter day hikes at moderate altitudes (e.g., Laguna Churup, Laguna 69, or Pastoruri Glacier). This acclimatisation period is critical for preventing altitude sickness and ensuring a safer, more enjoyable trek.
Logistics for the trek typically involve arranging transport to the trailhead at Pitec and from the exit point in the Cojup Valley back to Huaraz. This can be done through local tour operators in Huaraz, who can also provide guides, porters, and equipment rental if needed. It is advisable to book these services in advance, especially during the peak trekking season (May-September).
This is a trekking route requiring overnight camping. There are no established huts, lodges, or campsites along the Quilcayhuanca to Cojup Valley trail. Trekkers must be self-sufficient and carry all necessary camping equipment, including tents, sleeping bags, and cooking gear.
Camping: Designated camping spots are typically found in relatively flat, sheltered areas at suitable altitudes within the Quilcayhuanca Valley, usually near Laguna Pucacocha or Laguna Tullpacocha (around 4,200-4,300 m). These are not formal campsites but rather areas where trekkers have historically set up camp. It is crucial to camp responsibly, following Leave No Trace principles.
Facilities Provided: None. Trekkers must bring everything they need.
What's NOT Provided: All camping equipment, food, water, cooking facilities, toilets, and shelter.
Seasonal Availability: Camping is possible year-round, but the dry season (May-September) is highly recommended for safety and comfort due to more stable weather conditions.
Costs: Camping itself is free, but you will incur costs for park entrance fees, transport, food, and potentially guide/porter services.
To trek the Quilcayhuanca to Cojup Valley route, you must obtain an entrance permit for the Huascarán National Park. This park protects the vast majority of the Cordillera Blanca and its unique ecosystems. The permit is typically purchased in Huaraz at the park's administrative offices or through authorised vendors. It is advisable to secure your permit a day or two before your trek begins.
Huascarán National Park Entrance Fee:
Other Considerations:
Detailed route notes, maps, logistics & tips for the Quilcayhuanca Cojup Trail (PDF).
Precisely traced GPX for the Quilcayhuanca Cojup Trail, ready for your GPS or favourite mapping app.
Huaraz and the surrounding Callejón de Huaylas offer a wealth of activities for trekkers and mountaineers:
Altitude Sickness (Soroche): This is the most significant risk on this trek. Symptoms can include headache, nausea, dizziness, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Proper acclimatisation is paramount. Ascend slowly, stay hydrated, avoid alcohol and heavy meals, and consider consulting your doctor about altitude medication (e.g., Diamox). If symptoms worsen, descend immediately.
Terrain: The trail involves steep ascents and descents, loose scree, rocky sections, and potentially snow or ice on the pass, especially early in the dry season or after recent snowfall. Trekking poles are highly recommended for stability. Be cautious, especially during descents, as falls can be serious.
Weather: Mountain weather is unpredictable. Be prepared for rapid changes, including strong winds, rain, hail, and snow, even during the dry season. Temperatures can drop significantly at night and on the pass. Always carry warm layers and waterproofs.
Navigation: While the main trail is generally discernible, side paths and scree slopes can be confusing. A reliable map, compass, and GPS device are essential. Hiring a local guide is strongly advised for navigation, safety, and local knowledge.
Water: Glacial meltwater is available, but it must be treated to avoid waterborne illnesses. Carry a reliable water filter or purification tablets.
Remoteness: This is a remote trek with limited access and no facilities. In case of emergency, evacuation can be difficult and time-consuming. Carry a fully stocked first-aid kit and consider a personal locator beacon (PLB) or satellite phone.
Huascarán National Park Regulations: Adhere to all park rules, including those related to waste disposal, camping, and fire restrictions. Respect the environment and wildlife.
Guides and Porters: Using experienced local guides and porters significantly enhances safety and enjoyment. They are familiar with the terrain, weather patterns, and emergency procedures.
Laguna Pucacocha and Laguna Tullpacocha: These beautiful glacial lakes are often the camping destinations on Day 1. They offer stunning reflections of the surrounding peaks on calm mornings and are excellent spots for photography and acclimatisation.
High Pass Views: The summit of the pass (approx. 4,700 m) on Day 2 provides a spectacular 360-degree panorama of the Cordillera Blanca. On a clear day, you can see iconic peaks such as Nevado Pisco, Nevado Huascarán (the highest peak in Peru), Nevado Chopicalqui, and others. This is the visual climax of the trek.
Ancient Inca Terraces: While not as prominent as in some other Andean regions, remnants of ancient agricultural terraces can sometimes be spotted in the lower sections of the Quilcayhuanca Valley, hinting at the historical use of these lands by indigenous peoples.
Diverse Flora and Fauna: Keep an eye out for high-altitude flora such as ichu grass and various cushion plants. If you are lucky, you might spot Andean condors soaring overhead, or other high-altitude birds and mammals.
The Descent into Cojup Valley: While challenging, the descent itself offers a different perspective on the Andean landscape. The Cojup Valley is more rugged and stark than Quilcayhuanca, showcasing the raw power of glacial erosion.
The Quilcayhuanca to Cojup Valley trek traverses a pristine and fragile alpine environment within the Huascarán National Park. Adhering to Leave No Trace (LNT) principles is not just recommended; it is essential for preserving this natural wonder for future generations and for the health of the ecosystem.
Plan Ahead and Prepare: Research the trail, understand the conditions, and be prepared for the challenges. Hire a reputable guide if you are not experienced in high-altitude trekking and navigation. Ensure you have the correct permits and understand park regulations.
Travel and Camp on Durable Surfaces: Stick to established trails whenever possible. When camping, choose established or durable surfaces such as rock, gravel, dry grass, or snow. Avoid camping on fragile vegetation, which can take years to recover.
Dispose of Waste Properly: Pack it in, pack it out. This includes all food scraps, wrappers, toilet paper, and any other rubbish. Use designated toilets where available, or dig catholes 6-8 inches deep and at least 60 m (70 steps) away from water sources, trails, and campsites. Pack out all toilet paper.
Leave What You Find: Do not disturb or remove any natural or cultural objects. This includes rocks, plants, and historical artefacts. Take only photographs, leave only footprints.
Minimise Campfire Impacts: Campfires are generally prohibited in Huascarán National Park due to the risk of wildfires and the impact on vegetation. Use a lightweight camping stove for cooking.
Respect Wildlife: Observe wildlife from a distance. Never feed animals, as it can disrupt their natural behaviours and diets, and can be harmful to their health. Store food securely to prevent attracting animals.
Be Considerate of Other Visitors: Keep noise levels down, especially in camping areas. Yield to others on the trail. Respect the solitude and natural quiet of the wilderness.
