Australia — Murwillumbah
Ascend Mount Warning (Wollumbin), a demanding 8.8km hike in Australia's Northern NSW. This challenging volcanic summit offers spectacular panoramas across the Tweed Valley and Pacific Ocean. Traverse ancient rainforest and connect with rich cultural heritage on this 5-6 hour ascent.
Distance: 8.8 km
Elevation Gain: 1159 m
Difficulty: Challenging
Duration: 5-6 hours
Mount Warning, or Wollumbin as it is known by its traditional custodians, the Bundjalung people, is a majestic shield volcano that dominates the Tweed Valley landscape in northern New South Wales, Australia. The summit offers a challenging yet immensely rewarding day hike, culminating in breathtaking panoramic views across the caldera and out to the Pacific Ocean. This trail is not merely a physical ascent; it is a journey through ancient rainforest, a connection to profound cultural heritage, and an opportunity to witness the raw geological power that shaped this region. The climb is steep and demanding, requiring a good level of fitness, but the experience of standing atop this ancient giant, surrounded by a tapestry of green and blue, is unforgettable. Wollumbin is a place of deep spiritual significance, and visitors are asked to tread with respect and reverence.
The Mount Warning summit track is a strenuous but highly rewarding day walk that ascends to the rim of an ancient shield volcano. Standing at 1,159 metres above sea level, the summit provides unparalleled 360-degree views that stretch across the caldera, the surrounding rainforests, and out to the Gold Coast and Byron Bay on clear days. The trail itself is a testament to the volcanic forces that created this landscape, winding through dense, subtropical rainforest that is teeming with life. The ascent is characterised by a series of steep, man-made steps and natural inclines, making it a significant physical challenge. The journey begins at the base of the volcano, gradually climbing through a diverse ecosystem where towering ancient trees, vibrant ferns, and an array of birdlife create an immersive natural experience. The air is often thick with humidity, and the sounds of the rainforest accompany every step. As you gain altitude, the vegetation changes, and glimpses of the surrounding landscape begin to appear through the canopy. The final push to the summit involves navigating a steep, rocky section with chains to assist climbers, adding an element of adventure to the trek. Reaching the summit is a triumphant moment, offering a profound sense of accomplishment and a spectacular reward for the effort expended. The sunrise from Mount Warning is particularly famous, with the first rays of light illuminating the caldera and the vast expanse of the Pacific Ocean.
The geological history of Mount Warning is fascinating. It is the remnant of an enormous shield volcano that erupted millions of years ago. The caldera, the vast circular depression formed by volcanic activity, is now a lush, fertile basin that supports a unique and diverse ecosystem. The surrounding mountains are the eroded remnants of the volcano's outer slopes. The Bundjalung people, the traditional custodians of this land, hold Wollumbin in deep spiritual reverence, considering it a sacred site and a place of great cultural importance. The name "Wollumbin" is believed to mean "cloud catcher" or "great cloud," reflecting its imposing presence and its tendency to be shrouded in mist. The trail is managed by the National Parks and Wildlife Service, with a focus on preserving the natural environment and respecting the cultural significance of the site.
The challenging nature of the hike means it is best suited for individuals with a good level of fitness and prior hiking experience. The steep gradients, uneven terrain, and the sheer distance require stamina and resilience. However, for those prepared to meet the challenge, the experience of walking through this ancient rainforest and reaching the summit is an unparalleled adventure in one of Australia's most beautiful natural settings.
Mount Warning (Wollumbin) holds immense cultural and spiritual significance for the Bundjalung people, the traditional custodians of the land for tens of thousands of years. For them, Wollumbin is not just a mountain; it is a sacred site, a place of creation, and a powerful ancestral being. According to Bundjalung Dreaming stories, Wollumbin was formed when the spirit of a warrior, who had been killed in battle, rose from the earth to become the mountain. It is a place where ceremonies were performed, and where important decisions were made. The Bundjalung people have a deep and enduring connection to Wollumbin, and their traditional knowledge of the land, its resources, and its spiritual essence is invaluable. The mountain is considered a sacred place, and access to certain areas has historically been restricted to protect its spiritual integrity. Visitors are urged to approach Wollumbin with respect for its cultural heritage and to be mindful of its sacred status.
The geological history of Mount Warning is equally compelling. It is the eroded remnant of a massive shield volcano that formed approximately 23 million years ago. The volcano was part of the Tweed Volcano, one of the largest shield volcanoes in Australia. Over millions of years, erosion has sculpted the landscape, leaving behind the distinctive caldera and the prominent peak of Wollumbin. The rich volcanic soils have fostered the development of the incredibly diverse subtropical rainforest that cloaks the mountain's slopes, a testament to the enduring power of geological processes. The area was first explored by Europeans in the late 18th century, with Captain James Cook sighting the peak in 1770 and naming it "Mount Warning" because it served as a navigational hazard for ships approaching the coast. European settlement in the region began in the 19th century, with the fertile volcanic soils attracting farmers and loggers. Despite the impact of European settlement, the natural beauty and cultural significance of Mount Warning were eventually recognised, leading to its protection as a national park.
The establishment of Wollumbin National Park in the late 20th century aimed to preserve the unique rainforest ecosystem and protect the cultural heritage of the Bundjalung people. The park is a vital sanctuary for a wide array of flora and fauna, many of which are endemic to the region. The trail to the summit, while popular with hikers, is carefully managed to minimise its impact on the environment and to respect the sacred nature of the mountain. The ongoing dialogue between the National Parks and Wildlife Service and the Bundjalung community is crucial in ensuring the long-term protection and respectful management of Wollumbin.
The best time to tackle the Mount Warning summit trail is during the cooler, drier months of autumn and spring. From March to May (autumn) and September to November (spring), the weather is generally more pleasant, with milder temperatures and less humidity, making the strenuous climb more comfortable. These seasons also offer lower rainfall, increasing the chances of clear skies and spectacular summit views. The rainforest is particularly vibrant during these periods, with lush greenery and a rich array of birdlife.
Summer (December to February) in this region can be very hot and humid, with high rainfall and the potential for thunderstorms. While the rainforest offers shade, the humidity can make the climb feel significantly more challenging, and the risk of heat exhaustion is higher. Summer is also the peak season for insects, including mosquitoes and sandflies, which can be a nuisance on the trail. However, after heavy summer rains, the waterfalls and streams within the rainforest are at their most impressive, and the vegetation is at its most verdant.
Winter (June to August) offers cooler temperatures and lower humidity, which can be ideal for hiking. However, winter can also bring increased rainfall and fog, particularly at higher elevations. The summit can be frequently shrouded in cloud, obscuring the panoramic views. While the cooler temperatures reduce the risk of heatstroke, it is still essential to dress in layers, as the temperature can drop significantly at the summit, especially in the early morning or late afternoon.
Regardless of the season, it is crucial to be prepared for the unpredictable nature of mountain weather. Conditions can change rapidly, with fog, rain, and strong winds appearing with little warning. Always check the weather forecast before you go and be prepared for all eventualities. The rainforest environment means the track can become slippery and hazardous after rain, so sturdy footwear is essential year-round.
Early Morning (Pre-dawn): Departure from Murwillumbah/Accommodation
Morning (Sunrise - 5:00 AM - 7:00 AM): Trailhead Arrival and Ascent Commencement
Mid-Morning (7:00 AM - 9:00 AM): Rainforest Immersion and Gradual Climb
Late Morning (9:00 AM - 11:00 AM): The Steep Ascent and Summit Push
Midday (11:00 AM - 1:00 PM): Summit Experience and Panoramic Views
Afternoon (1:00 PM onwards): Descent and Return to Trailhead
Post-Hike:
Important Notes:
Mount Warning (Wollumbin) is a popular day hike, and while no advance bookings are required for the trail itself, proper preparation is paramount for a safe and enjoyable experience. The closest town with comprehensive services is Murwillumbah, located about 20-30 minutes' drive from the trailhead. Murwillumbah offers a range of accommodation options, from motels and bed and breakfasts to caravan parks. It also has supermarkets for stocking up on supplies, outdoor gear shops, and numerous cafes and restaurants. Gold Coast Airport (OOL) is the nearest major airport, approximately a 1-hour 15-minute drive away. Visitors arriving by air will need to arrange car hire or private transport to reach the Murwillumbah area and then the trailhead. The road to the trailhead is sealed and accessible by standard vehicles. It is essential to check the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS) website for any track closures or alerts before your visit, as the track can be closed due to weather conditions (heavy rain, fog, or lightning) or for cultural reasons. A good level of physical fitness is required due to the steep and demanding nature of the climb.
This is a day hike requiring no overnight accommodation.
No specific permits are required to hike the Mount Warning (Wollumbin) summit trail. However, it is mandatory for all visitors to register their visit at the trailhead logbook. This is a crucial safety measure that allows authorities to track who is on the mountain in case of an emergency. The logbook is typically located at the start of the trail, near the car park.
While no fees are charged for accessing the national park or using the trail, visitors are encouraged to consider making a donation to support the conservation efforts of the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service. These donations help maintain the trails, protect the environment, and preserve the cultural heritage of sites like Wollumbin.
It is essential to check the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS) website for any alerts or closures before your visit. The track can be temporarily closed due to adverse weather conditions, such as heavy rain, fog, or lightning, which can make the summit treacherous. Closures can also occur for cultural reasons, to allow the Bundjalung people to conduct ceremonies or manage the site according to their traditions. Respecting these closures is vital for both safety and cultural preservation.
Detailed route notes, maps, logistics & tips for the Mount Warning Trail (PDF).
Precisely traced GPX for the Mount Warning Trail, ready for your GPS or favourite mapping app.
The region surrounding Mount Warning (Wollumbin) offers a wealth of activities for visitors looking to extend their stay and explore the diverse attractions of the Tweed Valley and Northern Rivers region:
Trail Conditions: The Mount Warning summit track is a challenging hike. The majority of the ascent involves steep, uneven terrain, including numerous stairs and rocky sections. The track can become very slippery and hazardous after rain, especially the granite steps and rock faces near the summit. Always wear appropriate footwear with good grip.
Weather: Mountain weather is notoriously unpredictable. Conditions can change rapidly, with fog, heavy rain, and strong winds appearing with little notice, even on seemingly clear days. The summit can be significantly cooler and windier than the base. Always check the weather forecast before you depart and be prepared for all conditions. If thunderstorms are forecast, do not attempt the hike, as the summit is exposed and lightning poses a severe risk.
Physical Fitness: This hike requires a good level of cardiovascular fitness and leg strength. The 1159-metre elevation gain over 8.8 km is strenuous. If you are not accustomed to steep climbs, consider starting with shorter, less demanding walks. Pace yourself, take regular breaks, and listen to your body.
Water and Food: Carry ample water (at least 2-3 litres per person) as there are no water sources on the trail. Dehydration can occur quickly, especially in warm weather. Bring high-energy snacks and a packed lunch to maintain your energy levels throughout the hike.
Insect Protection: Mosquitoes and sandflies can be prevalent, particularly during warmer months and in damp conditions. Use effective insect repellent and consider wearing long sleeves and trousers to minimise exposed skin.
Cultural Sensitivity: Wollumbin is a sacred site for the Bundjalung people. Visitors must show respect for its cultural significance. Stay on marked trails, do not disturb any cultural artefacts or sites, and be mindful of any closures or restrictions that may be in place.
Emergency Procedures: Inform someone of your hiking plans, including your expected return time. Carry a fully charged mobile phone, although reception can be intermittent. In case of emergency, call Triple Zero (000) or the NPWS emergency line if provided. The trailhead logbook is essential for tracking visitors.
Summit Chains: The final ascent to the summit involves steep rock faces with chains for assistance. Use these chains carefully and ensure you have a secure handhold and foothold before moving. If you are uncomfortable with heights or exposed sections, it may be advisable to turn back before reaching the summit.
The Summit Viewpoint: The primary "point of interest" is, of course, the summit itself. Upon reaching the top, you are rewarded with an unparalleled 360-degree panorama. On a clear day, the views are truly spectacular, encompassing the vast circular caldera of the ancient volcano, the dense subtropical rainforest stretching out below, the rolling hills of the Tweed Valley, and the distant coastline of the Pacific Ocean, including the Gold Coast and Byron Bay. The sunrise from this vantage point is particularly famous, painting the sky and landscape in breathtaking colours.
The Rainforest Ecosystem: The entire trail is a journey through a magnificent example of subtropical rainforest. As you ascend, observe the incredible biodiversity: ancient fig trees with buttress roots, towering flooded gums, vibrant ferns, mosses, lichens, and an abundance of epiphytic plants. Keep an eye and ear out for the diverse birdlife, including parrots, lorikeets, and various rainforest species. The sounds and smells of the rainforest create an immersive and sensory experience.
The Caldera Rim: Walking along the rim of the ancient volcano provides a unique perspective on its geological formation. You can clearly see the vast depression that was once the heart of the volcano, now a fertile basin supporting a rich ecosystem. The sheer scale of the volcanic activity that created this landscape is awe-inspiring.
The Chains Section: While a challenging part of the hike, the section near the summit where chains are installed to aid climbers is a notable feature. It adds an element of adventure and requires careful navigation and physical effort, making the final push to the summit a memorable part of the experience.
The Trailhead Logbook: While not a natural point of interest, the logbook at the trailhead is a significant feature for safety and tracking. It serves as a reminder of the importance of responsible hiking and the shared experience of visitors to this special place.
Mount Warning (Wollumbin) is a place of immense natural beauty and profound cultural significance. To ensure its preservation for future generations and to honour its sacred status, it is imperative that all visitors adhere to Leave No Trace principles:
Furthermore, as Wollumbin is a sacred site for the Bundjalung people, visitors must approach the mountain with reverence and respect. Understand its cultural importance, adhere to any specific guidelines provided by the National Parks and Wildlife Service, and be mindful of the spiritual significance of the place. Tread lightly, walk respectfully, and leave only footprints.
