Brazil — Bom Jardim da Serra
Hike Brazil's Serra Catarinense on the Trilha do Canion do Funil, a moderate 14.5km, 6-hour route. This scenic trail leads to the spectacular Funnel Canyon, a dramatic gorge carved by water, revealing sheer rock faces and cascading streams. Enjoy a captivating day walk through a pristine wilderness.
Distance: 14.5 km
Elevation Gain: 310 m
Difficulty: Moderate
Duration: 6 hours
The Trilha do Canion do Funil, located in the stunning Serra Catarinense region of Brazil, offers a captivating day hike through dramatic landscapes shaped by millennia of geological forces. This trail leads adventurers to the breathtaking Canion do Funil (Funnel Canyon), a spectacular gorge carved by the relentless flow of water, presenting a visual spectacle of sheer rock faces and cascading streams. While not as globally renowned as some international treks, this Brazilian gem provides an immersive experience into the unique natural beauty of Santa Catarina's highlands, characterised by its rugged terrain, diverse flora, and the raw power of erosion.
The Trilha do Canion do Funil is a moderate day walk that encapsulates the rugged beauty of the Serra Catarinense. The trail begins with a relatively gentle ascent, gradually introducing hikers to the unique geological formations and the characteristic vegetation of the region. As the path progresses, the landscape opens up, revealing panoramic vistas of rolling hills and distant mountains, hinting at the dramatic spectacle that awaits.
The highlight of the hike is undoubtedly the Canion do Funil itself. This natural wonder is a testament to the erosive power of water, featuring steep, almost vertical walls that plunge into a deep, narrow gorge. The "funnel" shape gives the canyon its name, creating a unique acoustic and visual experience. Depending on recent rainfall, the canyon may feature active waterfalls or simply showcase the immense scale of the rock formations. The trail often follows the rim of the canyon for a significant portion, offering spectacular viewpoints and opportunities for photography.
The moderate difficulty level makes this trail accessible to a wide range of hikers, provided they have a reasonable level of fitness and are prepared for uneven terrain and some elevation gain. The 310 metres of elevation gain are spread across the 14.5 km distance, meaning the climbs are generally not excessively steep but require sustained effort. The total duration of approximately six hours allows ample time to appreciate the scenery, take breaks, and fully experience the canyon's grandeur.
The best time to visit is from April onwards. This period generally offers clearer skies and less fog compared to the winter months, allowing for better visibility of the canyon and surrounding landscapes. However, the Serra Catarinense is known for its unpredictable weather, and hikers should always be prepared for sudden changes, including rain and cooler temperatures, even outside of the peak rainy season.
The Serra Catarinense region, where the Canion do Funil is located, has a rich history intertwined with indigenous peoples and early European settlers. For centuries, indigenous communities, such as the Kaingang and Xokleng, inhabited these highlands, utilising the natural resources for sustenance and shelter. Their knowledge of the land, its flora, and fauna would have included an understanding of the canyons and rivers that define the landscape.
European settlement in the region began in earnest in the 19th century, with pioneers drawn by the fertile land and opportunities for agriculture and cattle ranching. The rugged terrain presented significant challenges, but communities gradually established themselves, with towns like Bom Jardim da Serra developing as centres for local life. The construction of roads, such as the SC-390, gradually improved access to these remote areas, making them more accessible for exploration and tourism.
The Canion do Funil, like many natural wonders, likely remained a local secret for a long time, known primarily to those who lived in the vicinity. Its geological formation is a product of millions of years of erosion, primarily by water, which has sculpted the sandstone and basaltic rock formations into the dramatic shapes seen today. The specific history of its "discovery" as a hiking destination is less documented than in some more established international trails, but its appeal lies in its raw, untamed beauty and the sense of adventure it offers to those who seek it out.
The region's economy is still largely based on agriculture, particularly dairy farming and potato cultivation, but ecotourism is increasingly recognised as a valuable asset. Trails like the Trilha do Canion do Funil contribute to this growing sector, offering visitors a chance to connect with the natural heritage of Santa Catarina.
The Trilha do Canion do Funil is a year-round destination, but certain seasons offer distinct advantages and challenges. Understanding these can help in planning the most enjoyable and safest experience.
April to October (Autumn, Winter, Early Spring): This period is generally considered the best time to visit for clear skies and reduced fog. The autumn months (April-May) offer pleasant temperatures and the possibility of seeing autumn colours in the surrounding vegetation. Winter (June-August) can be cold, with temperatures occasionally dropping below freezing, and frost is common. Snowfall is rare but possible at higher elevations. The dry season means waterfalls might be less active, but the clarity of the air often provides exceptional long-distance views of the landscape. The reduced fog is a significant advantage for appreciating the full scale of the Canion do Funil.
November to March (Spring, Summer): This is the warmer part of the year, but also the period with a higher chance of rain and fog. While rain can lead to more active waterfalls and a more vibrant green landscape, it also increases the risk of slippery trails and can obscure views within the canyon. Summer can be humid, and thunderstorms are possible, requiring hikers to be vigilant about weather changes. The fog, which is common in the Serra Catarinense, can descend rapidly, significantly reducing visibility and potentially making navigation more challenging. However, for those who enjoy lush vegetation and the sound of flowing water, this season has its own unique appeal.
Weather Preparedness: Regardless of the season, the weather in the Serra Catarinense can change rapidly. Hikers must be prepared for a range of conditions, including sunshine, rain, wind, and cooler temperatures, even on the same day. Layering clothing is essential, and carrying waterproof gear is highly recommended at all times of the year.
Early Morning (Approx. 7:00 AM - 8:00 AM): Departure from Bom Jardim da Serra
Morning (Approx. 8:00 AM - 9:00 AM): Arrival at Trailhead and Preparation
Late Morning (Approx. 9:00 AM - 12:00 PM): Ascent and Initial Views
Midday (Approx. 12:00 PM - 2:00 PM): Reaching the Canion do Funil
Afternoon (Approx. 2:00 PM - 4:00 PM): Return Journey
Late Afternoon (Approx. 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM): Arrival at Trailhead and Departure
Important Notes:
The Trilha do Canion do Funil is a day hike, which simplifies some aspects of planning compared to multi-day treks. However, thorough preparation is still crucial for a safe and enjoyable experience. The closest major town and logistical hub is Bom Jardim da Serra. This town offers basic amenities, including accommodation, restaurants, and some shops for essential supplies. It is advisable to base yourself here the night before and/or after your hike.
Access to the trailhead is via route SC-390, a scenic road that connects Bom Jardim da Serra to other towns in the region. While much of the road is paved, expect some unpaved sections closer to the canyon, which can become challenging in wet weather. It is recommended to have a vehicle capable of handling varied road conditions, though a standard car is usually sufficient in dry weather. Parking is available at the trailhead, but it is advisable to arrive early, especially during peak seasons, to secure a spot.
Given that this is a day hike, the primary "booking" is ensuring you have suitable transport and accommodation in Bom Jardim da Serra. While no formal permits are required for the trail itself, it is good practice to inform local authorities or your accommodation provider about your hiking plans, including your intended route and expected return time. This is a safety measure in case of emergencies.
This is a day hike requiring no overnight accommodation.
For the Trilha do Canion do Funil, no specific permits are required for individuals or small groups to hike the trail. This makes it a relatively accessible destination for independent travellers.
However, it is always advisable to exercise caution and good practice when venturing into natural areas:
The lack of a formal permit system means that visitor numbers are not regulated, reinforcing the importance of personal responsibility for safety and environmental stewardship.
Detailed route notes, maps, logistics & tips for the Canion Do Funil Trail (PDF).
Precisely traced GPX for the Canion Do Funil Trail, ready for your GPS or favourite mapping app.
The region surrounding Bom Jardim da Serra and the Canion do Funil offers several other attractions and activities for visitors looking to extend their stay or explore more of the Serra Catarinense:
Trail Conditions: The Trilha do Canion do Funil is a moderate day hike. The terrain can be uneven, with loose rocks and soil, especially on steeper sections. After rain, the trail can become muddy and slippery, increasing the risk of falls. Always wear appropriate footwear.
Weather: The Serra Catarinense is known for its rapidly changing weather. Be prepared for sunshine, rain, strong winds, and significant temperature drops, even within the same day. Fog can descend quickly, severely reducing visibility. Check the weather forecast before you go and be prepared to turn back if conditions deteriorate.
Navigation: While the trail is generally well-marked, it is essential to carry and know how to use navigation tools such as a map, compass, and GPS device or smartphone with offline maps. Do not rely solely on mobile phone signal, as it can be unreliable in remote areas.
Water: Carry sufficient water for the entire hike. While streams may be present, it is crucial to treat any water collected from natural sources using a filter or purification tablets to avoid waterborne illnesses.
Wildlife: Be aware of local wildlife. While large dangerous animals are uncommon, respect all creatures and maintain a safe distance. Do not feed any animals.
Communication: Mobile phone reception can be intermittent or non-existent along the trail. Inform someone of your hiking plans, including your expected return time, and carry a fully charged mobile phone. For remote areas, consider a personal locator beacon (PLB) if you are hiking alone or in a very remote section.
Emergency Preparedness: Carry a well-stocked first-aid kit and know how to use its contents. Be aware of basic first-aid procedures for common hiking injuries such as sprains, cuts, and blisters. In case of an emergency, stay calm, assess the situation, and contact emergency services if possible. If you are unable to contact help, stay put and try to signal for assistance.
Local Knowledge: If possible, speak with locals in Bom Jardim da Serra about current trail conditions and any specific hazards to be aware of before you set out.
While the Trilha do Canion do Funil is a destination in itself, the surrounding area offers several points of interest that can enhance your visit:
The Canyon Rim Walk: The primary trail follows the rim of the Canion do Funil for a significant distance. This allows for numerous viewpoints, each offering a slightly different perspective of the canyon's immense scale and geological features. Take your time to explore these vantage points, especially during different times of the day when the light can dramatically alter the appearance of the rock faces.
Waterfalls (Seasonal): Depending on the time of year and recent rainfall, you may encounter smaller waterfalls cascading down the canyon walls or along the trail. These are particularly prevalent during and immediately after the rainy season. While not as grand as some of Brazil's more famous waterfalls, they add to the lushness and dynamic nature of the landscape.
Unique Flora and Fauna: The Serra Catarinense is home to a variety of plant and animal species adapted to the high-altitude environment. Keep an eye out for endemic plants, colourful birds, and other small wildlife. The transition in vegetation from the lower slopes to the canyon rim can be quite noticeable.
Geological Formations: Beyond the main canyon, the trail and surrounding areas showcase fascinating rock formations, evidence of the region's volcanic past and the ongoing process of erosion. The layered sandstone and basalt offer a visual history of the land.
The Trilha do Canion do Funil, like any natural environment, is a fragile ecosystem that requires careful stewardship. Adhering to Leave No Trace principles ensures that this beautiful area remains pristine for future generations and minimises our impact on the local environment.
Plan Ahead and Prepare: Research the trail, understand its conditions, and be prepared for the weather. This includes carrying appropriate gear and sufficient supplies.
Travel and Camp on Durable Surfaces: Stick to the marked trail. Avoid creating new paths or walking on fragile vegetation, which can take years to recover. The trail itself is the most durable surface.
Dispose of Waste Properly: Pack it in, pack it out. This means carrying out all your litter, including food scraps, wrappers, and any other waste you generate. Use designated toilets if available, or learn how to properly dispose of human waste away from water sources if necessary (though for a day hike, this is less likely to be an issue).
Leave What You Find: Do not take any natural objects, such as rocks, plants, or flowers, from the area. Leave them for others to enjoy and for the ecosystem to thrive.
Minimise Campfire Impacts: As this is a day hike, campfires are not applicable. However, if you were to camp in the region, always use established fire rings or portable stoves and ensure fires are completely extinguished.
Respect Wildlife: Observe wildlife from a distance. Never feed animals, as this can disrupt their natural behaviours and diets, and can make them dependent on humans or aggressive.
Be Considerate of Other Visitors: Keep noise levels down, yield to other hikers on the trail, and be mindful of others' experience. The goal is to enjoy the tranquility of nature.
