Navigation on the Great Walks: Do You Really Need a Map or GPS?

Embarking on a Great Walk in New Zealand is an unforgettable experience. These meticulously maintained trails showcase some of the country’s most stunning landscapes, from lush rainforests to towering mountains and pristine coastlines. Planning and preparation are key to a safe and enjoyable hike, and one of the most important considerations is navigation. In this digital age, the question arises: do you really need a traditional map and compass, or is a GPS device sufficient?

Understanding the Great Walks

Before diving into navigation specifics, it’s important to understand what makes a Great Walk unique:

• Well-maintained tracks: Great Walks are known for their excellent trail maintenance, with clear pathways, boardwalks, and bridges.
• Signage: These trails are typically well-signposted, indicating directions, distances, and points of interest.
• Huts and campsites: Many Great Walks offer accommodation in huts or designated campsites, requiring advance booking.
• Variable terrain: Despite being well-maintained, Great Walks can traverse challenging terrain, including steep climbs, river crossings, and exposed alpine areas.
• Changing weather conditions: New Zealand’s weather can be unpredictable, with conditions changing rapidly, especially in mountainous regions.

The Case for Traditional Maps and Compasses

Despite the availability of GPS technology, traditional maps and compasses remain essential navigation tools for several reasons:

Reliability

Maps and compasses don’t rely on batteries or satellite signals. They work in all weather conditions and are not susceptible to electronic failures. A dead battery or a malfunctioning GPS unit can leave you stranded and disoriented, especially in remote areas.

Situational Awareness

Studying a topographical map provides a comprehensive overview of the terrain, including elevation changes, water sources, and potential hazards. This helps you develop a strong sense of situational awareness, allowing you to anticipate challenges and make informed decisions about your route.

Learning Essential Skills

Knowing how to read a map and use a compass are fundamental backcountry skills. These skills empower you to navigate independently and confidently, regardless of technology. They also enhance your appreciation for the landscape and your connection to the natural environment.

Environmental Factors

Heavy forest canopy, deep valleys and gorges can affect a GPS signal. In these areas, a map and compass are invaluable.

The Role of GPS Devices

GPS devices can be valuable navigation aids, offering several advantages:

Accuracy

GPS units can pinpoint your location with remarkable accuracy, especially in open areas with clear satellite visibility.

Ease of Use

Many GPS devices are user-friendly, with intuitive interfaces and pre-loaded maps. They can also track your progress, calculate distances, and estimate arrival times.

Additional Features

Some GPS units offer additional features such as weather forecasts, altimeters, and electronic compasses.

Digital Maps

GPS devices allow you to load detailed digital maps of the area, often with features like trail information, points of interest, and even user-submitted waypoints.

The Hybrid Approach: Best of Both Worlds

The most effective approach to navigation on the Great Walks is to combine traditional map and compass skills with the use of a GPS device. Here’s how to implement this hybrid approach:

1. Study the Map: Before your hike, thoroughly study a topographical map of the area. Familiarize yourself with the terrain, identify key landmarks, and plan your route.
2. Master Compass Skills: Learn how to take a bearing with a compass and orient yourself on the map. Practice these skills in a safe environment before heading out on the trail.
3. Use GPS as a Supplement: Use your GPS device to confirm your location, track your progress, and access additional information. However, don’t rely on it as your sole navigation tool.
4. Carry Extra Batteries: If you plan to use a GPS device, bring extra batteries or a portable power bank.
5. Protect Your Gear: Keep your map and compass in a waterproof bag or case to protect them from the elements.
6. Regularly Check Your Location: Make it a habit to regularly check your location on the map and compare it to your GPS reading. This will help you maintain situational awareness and identify any discrepancies.

Essential Navigation Skills to Learn

Regardless of whether you choose to use a map, compass, or GPS, there are some essential navigation skills that every hiker should learn:

• Map Reading: Understanding map symbols, contour lines, and scales.
• Compass Use: Taking bearings, orienting the map, and following a bearing.
• Terrain Association: Recognizing landforms and features on the ground and relating them to the map.
• Route Planning: Planning a safe and efficient route, considering terrain, weather, and personal abilities.
• Lost Proofing: Techniques for staying found, such as regularly checking your location and using landmarks.
• Emergency Procedures: Knowing what to do if you get lost, including staying calm, signaling for help, and finding shelter.

Staying Safe on the Great Walks

Navigation is just one aspect of staying safe on the Great Walks. Here are some additional safety tips:

• Check the Weather Forecast: Before your hike, check the weather forecast and be prepared for changing conditions.
• Tell Someone Your Plans: Inform someone of your hiking plans, including your route, expected return time, and emergency contact information.
• Carry Essential Gear: Pack essential gear such as a first-aid kit, extra food and water, rain gear, and a headlamp.
• Wear Appropriate Clothing: Dress in layers and wear sturdy hiking boots.
• Be Aware of Hazards: Be aware of potential hazards such as river crossings, steep cliffs, and wildlife.
• Leave No Trace: Pack out all trash, stay on marked trails, and respect the environment.

Conclusion

Navigating the Great Walks requires a combination of skills, knowledge, and preparation. While GPS devices can be valuable tools, they should not replace traditional maps and compasses. By mastering essential navigation skills and adopting a hybrid approach, you can confidently explore these stunning landscapes while ensuring your safety and enjoyment. Remember, the best navigation strategy is one that combines the reliability of traditional methods with the convenience of modern technology.